https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/8/4351

Another article on this subject:

Impaired glucose metabolism in the brain contributes to neural cell aging (senescence) and the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Since the brain relies heavily on glucose for energy, disturbances in glucose metabolism can lead to oxidative stress, inflammation, and the buildup of toxic proteins like beta-amyloid (Aβ) and tau tangles, which are hallmarks of Alzheimer’s.

Key Points:

1. Glucose Metabolism and Brain Health
   • The brain consumes about 20% of the body’s glucose, primarily to fuel neural activity.
   • In Alzheimer’s, glucose uptake and utilization in the brain are significantly reduced, leading to energy deficits and the activation of harmful pathways that accelerate neural aging.
2. Neural Senescence
   • Neural cell senescence is an aging process where neurons stop dividing and accumulate damage.
   • Senescent neurons release inflammatory signals, contributing to chronic inflammation in the brain (neuroinflammation), which worsens cognitive decline.
3. Molecular Links Between Glucose Metabolism and Alzheimer’s
   • Insulin Resistance: Common in Alzheimer’s patients, it reduces the brain’s ability to absorb glucose, leading to energy starvation and increased amyloid production.
   • Oxidative Stress: Poor glucose metabolism increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), damaging neural cells.
   • Inflammation: Chronic inflammation caused by impaired metabolism accelerates neuronal death and cognitive decline.
4. Potential Therapeutic Approaches
   • Improving Glucose Metabolism with diet, exercise, and medications to enhance insulin sensitivity.
   • Targeting Senescent Cells (Senolytics): New therapies to remove or rejuvenate damaged neurons.
   • Antioxidants and Anti-inflammatory Agents to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation.

Actionable Conclusions:

1. Adopt a Brain-Healthy Diet
   • Focus on a low-glycemic, Mediterranean, or ketogenic diet, which may improve insulin sensitivity and reduce oxidative stress.
   • Include foods rich in antioxidants (e.g., berries, green tea, dark leafy greens) and healthy fats (omega-3s from fish, flaxseeds, and walnuts).
2. Exercise Regularly
   • Physical activity improves glucose metabolism, reduces inflammation, and promotes the growth of new neurons. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise per week, such as walking, swimming, or strength training.
3. Monitor and Manage Blood Sugar
   • Keep blood glucose and insulin levels within healthy ranges. If you’re at risk of insulin resistance or diabetes, consult a healthcare professional for early interventions.
4. Prioritize Sleep and Stress Management
   • Poor sleep and chronic stress impair glucose metabolism and increase the risk of neuroinflammation.
   • Practice relaxation techniques (meditation, yoga) and aim for 7–8 hours of quality sleep each night.
5. Consider Emerging Therapies
   • Stay informed about senolytic treatments and ongoing clinical trials targeting neural senescence and glucose metabolism in Alzheimer’s disease. These may become viable options in the future.